Narrated Jabir
bin 'Abdullah:
I became sick so
Allah's Apostle and Abu Bakr came on foot to pay me a visit. When they came, I
was unconscious. Allah's Apostle performed ablution and he poured over me the
water (of his ablution) and I came to my senses and said, "O Allah's
Apostle! What shall I do regarding my property? How shall I distribute
it?" The Prophet did not reply till the Divine Verses of inheritance were
revealed .
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
Allah's Apostle
said, 'Beware of suspicion, for it is the worst of false tales and don't look
for the other's faults and don't spy and don't hate each other, and don't
desert (cut your relations with) one another O Allah's slaves, be
brothers!" (See Hadith No. 90)
Narrated 'Aisha:
Fatima and Al
'Abbas came to Abu Bakr, seeking their share from the property of Allah's
Apostle and at that time, they were asking for their land at Fadak and their
share from Khaibar. Abu Bakr said to them, " I have heard from Allah's
Apostle saying, 'Our property cannot be inherited, and whatever we leave is to
be spent in charity, but the family of Muhammad may take their provisions from
this property." Abu Bakr added, "By Allah, I will not leave the
procedure I saw Allah's Apostle following during his lifetime concerning this
property." Therefore Fatima left Abu Bakr and did not speak to him till
she died.
Narrated 'Aisha:
The Prophet said,
"Our (Apostles') property should not be inherited, and whatever we leave,
is to be spent in charity."
Narrated Malik
bin Aus:
'I went and
entered upon 'Umar, his doorman, Yarfa came saying 'Uthman, 'Abdur-Rahman,
Az-Zubair and Sa'd are asking your permission (to see you). May I admit them?
'Umar said, 'Yes.' So he admitted them Then he came again and said, 'May I
admit 'Ali and 'Abbas?' He said, 'Yes.' 'Abbas said, 'O, chief of the
believers! Judge between me and this man (Ali ). 'Umar said, 'I beseech you by
Allah by Whose permission both the heaven and the earth exist, do you know that
Allah's Apostle said, 'Our (the Apostles') property will not be inherited, and
whatever we leave (after our death) is to be spent in charity?' And by that
Allah's Apostle meant himself.' The group said, '(No doubt), he said so.' 'Umar
then faced 'Ali and 'Abbas and said, 'Do you both know that Allah's Apostle
said that?' They replied, '(No doubt), he said so.' 'Umar said, 'So let me talk
to you about this matter. Allah favored His Apostle with something of this Fai'
(i.e. booty won by the Muslims at war without fighting) which He did not give
to anybody else;
Allah said:--
'And what Allah gave to His Apostle ( Fai' Booty) .........to do all
things....(59.6) And so that property was only for Allah's Apostle . Yet, by
Allah, he neither gathered that property for himself nor withheld it from you,
but he gave its income to you, and distributed it among you till there remained
the present property out of which the Prophet used to spend the yearly
maintenance for his family, and whatever used to remain, he used to spend it
where Allah's property is spent (i.e. in charity etc.). Allah's Apostle
followed that throughout his life.
Now I beseech you
by Allah, do you know all that?' They said, 'Yes.' 'Umar then said to 'Ali and
'Abbas, 'I beseech you by Allah, do you know that?' Both of them said, 'Yes.'
'Umar added, 'And when the Prophet died, Abu Bakr said, ' I am the successor of
Allah's Apostle, and took charge of that property and managed it in the same
way as Allah's Apostle did.
Then I took
charge of this property for two years during which I managed it as Allah's
Apostle and Abu Bakr did. Then you both ('Ali and 'Abbas) came to talk to me,
bearing the same claim and presenting the same case. (O 'Abbas!) You came to me
asking for your share from the property of your nephew, and this man (Ali) came
to me, asking for the share of h is wife from the property of her father. I
said, 'If you both wish, I will give that to you on that condition (i.e. that
you would follow the way of the Prophet and Abu Bakr and as I (Umar) have done
in man aging it).' Now both of you seek of me a verdict other than that? Lo! By
Allah, by Whose permission both the heaven and the earth exist, I will not give
any verdict other than that till the Hour is established. If you are unable to manage
it, then return it to me, and I will be sufficient to manage it on your
behalf.' "
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
Allah's Apostle
said, "Not even a single Dinar of my property should be distributed (after
my deaths to my inheritors, but whatever I leave excluding the provision for my
wives and my servants, should be spent in charity."
Narrated 'Urwa:
'Aisha said,
"When Allah's Apostle died, his wives intended to send 'Uthman to Abu Bakr
asking him for their share of the inheritance." Then 'Aisha said to them,
"Didn't Allah's Apostle say, 'Our (Apostles') property is not to be
inherited, and whatever we leave is to be spent in charity?'"
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
The Prophet said,
"I am more closer to the believers than their own selves, so whoever (of
them) dies while being in debt and leaves nothing for its repayment, then we
are to pay his debts on his behalf and whoever (among the believers) dies
leaving some property, then that property is for his heirs."
Narrated Ibn
'Abbas:
The Prophet said,
"Give the Fara'id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in
the Qur'an) to those who are entitled to receive it. Then whatever remains,
should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased ."
Narrated Sa'd bin
Abi Waqqas:
I was stricken by
an ailment that led me to the verge of death. The Prophet came to pay me a
visit. I said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have much property and no heir except
my single daughter. Shall I give two-thirds of my property in charity?" He
said, "No." I said, "Half of it?" He said, "No."
I said, "One-third of it?" He said, "You may do so) though
one-third is also to a much, for it is better for you to leave your off-spring
wealthy than to leave them poor, asking others for help. And whatever you spend
(for Allah's sake) you will be rewarded for it, even for a morsel of food which
you may put in the mouth of your wife." I said, "O Allah's Apostle!
Will I remain behind and fail to complete my emigration?" The Prophet
said, "If you are left behind after me, whatever good deeds you will do
for Allah's sake, that will upgrade you and raise you high. May be you will
have long life so that some people may benefit by you and others (the enemies)
be harmed by you." But Allah's Apostle felt sorry for Sa'd bin Khaula as
he died in Mecca. (Sufyan, a sub-narrator said that Sa'd bin Khaula was a man
from the tribe of Bani 'Amir bin Lu'ai.)
Narrated Al-Aswad
bin Yazid:
Mu'adh bin Jabal
came to us in Yemen as a tutor and a ruler, and we (the people of Yemen) asked
him about (the distribution of the property of ) a man who had died leaving a
daughter and a sister. Mu'adh gave the daughter one-half of the property and
gave the sister the other half.
Narrated Ibn
'Abbas:
Allah's Apostle
said, "Give the Fara'id (shares prescribed in the Qur'an) to those who are
entitled to receive it; and whatever remains, should be given to the closest
male relative of the deceased.'
Narrated Huzail
bin Shirahbil:
Abu Musa was
asked regarding (the inheritance of) a daughter, a son's daughter, and a
sister. He said, "The daughter will take one-half and the sister will take
one-half. If you go to Ibn Mas'ud, he will tell you the same." Ibn Mas'ud
was asked and was told of Abu Musa's verdict. Ibn Mas'ud then said, "If I
give the same verdict, I would stray and would not be of the rightly-guided.
The verdict I will give in this case, will be the same as the Prophet did, i.e.
one-half is for daughter, and one-sixth for the son's daughter, i.e. both
shares make two-thirds of the total property; and the rest is for the
sister." Afterwards we cams to Abu Musa and informed him of Ibn Mas'ud's
verdict, whereupon he said, "So, do not ask me for verdicts, as long as
this learned man is among you."
Narrated Ibn
'Abbas:
The Prophet said,
"Give the Fara'id, (the shares prescribed in the Qur'an) to those who are
entitled to receive it, and then whatever remains, should be given to the
closest male relative of the deceased."
Narrated Ibn
'Abbas:
The person about
whom Allah's Apostle said, "If I were to take a Khalil from this nation
(my followers), then I would have taken him (i.e., Abu Bakr), but the Islamic
Brotherhood is better (or said: good)," regarded a grandfather as the
father himself (in inheritance).
Narrated Ibn
'Abbas:
(During the early
days of Islam), the inheritance used to be given to one's offspring and legacy
used to be bequeathed to the parents, then Allah cancelled what He wished from
that order and decreed that the male should be given the equivalent of the
portion of two females, and for the parents one-sixth for each of them, and for
one's wife one-eighth (if the deceased has children) and one-fourth (if he has
no children), for one's husband one-half (if the deceased has no children) and
one-fourth (if she has children)."
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
Allah's Apostle
gave the judgment that a male or female slave should be given in Qisas for an
abortion case of a woman from the tribe of Bani Lihyan (as blood money for the
fetus) but the lady on whom the penalty had been imposed died, so the Prophets
ordered that her property be inherited by her offspring and her husband and
that the penalty be paid by her Asaba.
Narrated
Al-Aswad:
Mu'adh bin Jabal
gave this verdict for us in the lifetime of Allah's Apostle. One-half of the
inheritance is to be given to the daughter and the other half to the sister.
Sulaiman said: Mu'adh gave a verdict for us, but he did not mention that it was
so in the lifetime of Allah's Apostle.
Narrated Huzail:
'Abdullah said,
"The judgment I will give in this matter will be like the judgment of the
Prophet, i.e. one-half is for the daughter and one-sixth for the son's daughter
and the rest of the inheritance for the sister."
Narrated Jabir:
While I was sick,
the Prophet entered upon me and asked for some water to perform ablution, and
after he had finished his ablution, he sprinkled some water of his ablution
over me, whereupon I became conscious and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have
sisters." Then the Divine Verses regarding the laws of inheritance were
revealed.
Narrated Al-Bara:
The last Quranic
Verse that was revealed (to the Prophet) was the final Verse of Surat-an-Nisa,
i.e., 'They ask you for a legal verdict Say: Allah directs (thus) About those
who leave No descendants or ascendants as heirs....' (4.176)
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
Allah's Apostle
said, "I am more closer to the believers than their ownselves, so whoever
(among them) dies leaving some inheritance, his inheritance will be given to
his 'Asaba, and whoever dies leaving a debt or dependants or destitute
children, then I am their supporter."
Narrated Ibn
'Abbas:
The Prophet said,
"Give the Fara'id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in
the Qur'an) to those who are entitled to receive it; and whatever is left
should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased."
Narrated Ibn
'Abbas: regarding the Holy Verse:--'And to everyone, We have appointed heirs.
When the
emigrants came to Medina, the Ansar used to be the heir of the emigrants (and
vice versa) instead of their own kindred by blood (Dhawl-l-arham), and that was
because of the bond of brotherhood which the Prophet had established between
them, i.e. the Ansar and the emigrants. But when the Divine Verse:--
'And to everyone
We have appointed heirs,' (4.33) was revealed, it cancelled the other, order
i.e. 'To those also, to whom Your right hands have pledged.'
Narrated Ibn
'Umar:
A man and his
wife had a case of Lian (or Mula'ana) during the lifetime of the Prophet and
the man denied the paternity of her child. The Prophet gave his verdict for
their separation (divorce) and then the child was regarded as belonging to the
wife only.
Narrated 'Aisha:
'Utba (bin Abi
Waqqas) said to his brother Sa'd, "The son of the slave girl of Zam'a is
my son, so be his custodian." So when it was the year of the Conquest of
Mecca, Sa'd took that child and said, "He is my nephew, and my brother
told me to be his custodian." On that, 'Abu bin Zam'a got up and said,
'but the child is my brother, and the son of my father's slave girl as he was
born on his bed." So they both went to the Prophet. Sa'd said, "O
Allah's Apostle! (This is) the son of my brother and he told me to be his
custodian." Then 'Abu bin Zam'a said, "(But he is) my brother and the
son of the slave girl of my father, born on his bed." The Prophet said,
"This child is for you. O 'Abu bin Zam'a, as the child is for the owner of
the bed, and the adulterer receives the stones." He then ordered (his
wife) Sauda bint Zam'a to cover herself before that boy as he noticed the boy's
resemblance to 'Utba. Since then the boy had never seen Sauda till he died.
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
The Prophet said,
"The boy is for the owner of the bed."
Narrated 'Aisha:
I bought Barira
(a female slave). The Prophet said (to me), "Buy her as the Wala' is for
the manumitted." Once she was given a sheep (in charity). The Prophet
said, "It (the sheep) is a charitable gift for her (Barira) and a gift for
us." Al-Hakam said, "Barira's husband was a free man." Ibn
'Abbas said, 'When I saw him, he was a slave."
Narrated Ibn
'Umar:
The Prophet said,
"The Wala' is for the manumitted (of the slave)."
Narrated
'Abdullah:
The Muslims did
not free slaves as Sa'iba, but the People of the Pre-lslamic Period of
Ignorance used to do so.
Narrated
Al-Aswad:
'Aisha bought
Barira in order to manumit her, but her masters stipulated that her Wala'
(after her death) would be for them. 'Aisha said, "O Allah's Apostle! I
have bought Barira in order to manumit her, but her masters stipulated that her
Wala' will be for them." The Prophet said, "Manumit her as the Wala
is for the one who manumits (the slave)," or said, "The one who pays
her price." Then 'Aisha bought and manumitted her. After that, Barira was
given the choice (by the Prophet) (to stay with her husband or leave him). She
said, "If he gave me so much and so much (money) I would not stay with
him." (Al-Aswad added: Her husband was a free man.) The sub-narrator
added: The series of the narrators of Al-Aswad's statement is incomplete. The
statement of Ibn Abbas, i.e., when I saw him he was a slave, is more authentic.
Narrated 'Ali:
We have no Book
to recite except the Book of Allah (Qur'an) and this paper. Then 'Ali took out
the paper, and behold ! There was written in it, legal verdicts about the
retaliation for wounds, the ages of the camels (to be paid as Zakat or as blood
money). In it was also written: 'Medina is a sanctuary from Air (mountain) to
Thaur (mountain). So whoever innovates in it an heresy (something new in
religion) or commits a crime in it or gives shelter to such an innovator, will
incur the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and none of his
compulsory or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection.
And whoever (a freed slave) takes as his master (i.e. be-friends) some people
other than hi real masters without the permission of his real masters, will
incur the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and none of his
compulsory, or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection.
And the asylum granted by any Muslim is to be secured by all the Muslims, even
if it is granted by one of the lowest social status among them; and whoever
betrays a Muslim, in this respect will incur the curse of Allah, the angels,
and all the people, and none of his Compulsory or optional good deeds will be
accepted on the Day of Resurrection."
Narrated Ibn
'Umar:
The Prophet
forbade the selling of the Wala' (of slaves) or giving it as a present.
Narrated Ibn
Umar:
That Aisha, the
mother of the Believers, intended to buy a slave girl in order to manumit her.
The slave girl's master said, "We are ready to sell her to you on the
condition that her Wala should be for us." Aisha mentioned that to Allah's
Apostle who said, "This (condition) should not prevent you from buying
her, for the Wala is for the one who manumits (the slave)."
Narrated
Al-Aswad:
Aisha said,
"I bought Barira and her masters stipulated that the Wala would be for
them." Aisha mentioned that to the Prophet and he said, "Manumit her,
as the Wala is for the one who gives the silver (i.e. pays the price for
freeing the slave)." Aisha added, "So I manumitted her. After that,
the Prophet caller her (Barira) and gave her the choice to go back to her
husband or not. She said, "If he gave me so much and so much (money) I
would not stay with him." So she selected her ownself (i.e. refused to go
back to her husband)."
Narrated Ibn
Umar:
When Aisha
intended to buy Barira, she said to the Prophet, "Barira's masters
stipulated that they will have the Wala." The Prophet said (to Aisha),
"Buy her, as the Wala is for the one who manumits."
Narrated Aisha:
Allah's Apostle
said, "The wala is for the one who gives the silver (pays the price) and
does the favor (of manumission after paying the price)."
Narrated Anas bin
Malik:
The Prophet said,
"The freed slave belongs to the people who have freed him," or said
something similar.
Narrated Anas bin
Malik:
The Prophet said,
"The son of the sister of some people is from them or from their own
selves."
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
The Prophet said,
" If somebody dies (among the Muslims) leaving some property, the property
will go to his heirs; and if he leaves a debt or dependants, we will take care
of them."
Narrated Usama
bin Zaid:
the Prophet said,
"A Muslim cannot be the heir of a disbeliever, nor can a disbeliever be
the heir of a Muslim."
Narrated 'Aisha:
Sa'd bin Abi
Waqqas and 'Abu bin Zam'a had a dispute over a boy. Sa'd said, "O Allah's
Apostle! This (boy) is the son of my brother, 'Utba bin Abi Waqqas who told me
to be his custodian as he was his son. Please notice to whom he bears
affinity." And 'Abu bin Zam'a said, "This is my brother, O Allah's
Apostle! He was born on my father's bed by his slave girl." Then the
Prophet looked at the boy and noticed evident resemblance between him and
'Utba, so he said, "He (the toy) is for you, O 'Abu bin Zam'a, for the boy
is for the owner of the bed, and the stone is for the adulterer. Screen
yourself before the boy, O Sauda bint Zam'a." 'Aisha added: Since then he
had never seen Sauda.
Narrated Sa'd:
I heard the
Prophet saying, "Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his
father, and he knows that person is not his father, then Paradise will be
forbidden for him." I mentioned that to Abu Bakra, and he said, "My
ears heard that and my heart memorized it from Allah's Apostle
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
The Prophet said,
"Do not deny your fathers (i.e. claim to be the sons of persons other than
your fathers), and whoever denies his father, is charged with disbelief."
Narrated Abu
Huraira:
Allah's Apostle
said, "There were two women with whom there were their two sons. A wolf
came and took away the son of one of them. That lady said to her companion,
'The wolf has taken your son.' The other said, 'But it has taken your son.' So
both of them sought the judgment of (the Prophet) David who judged that the boy
should be given to the older lady. Then both of them went to (the Prophet)
Solomon, son of David and informed him of the case. Solomon said, 'Give me a
knife so that I may cut the child into two portions and give one half to each
of you.' The younger lady said, 'Do not do so; may Allah bless you ! He is her
child.' On that, he gave the child to the younger lady." Abu Huraira
added: By Allah! I had never heard the word 'Sakkin' as meaning knife, except
on that day, for we used to call it 'Mudya"
Narrated 'Aisha:
Allah's Apostle
once entered upon me in a very happy mood, with his features glittering with
joy, and said, "O 'Aisha! won't you see that Mujazziz (a Qa'if) looked
just now at Zaid bin Haritha and Usama bin Zaid and said, 'These feet (of Usama
and his father) belong to each other." (See Hadith No. 755, Vol. 4)
Narrated 'Aisha:
Once Allah's
Apostle entered upon me and he was in a very happy mood and said, "O
'Aisha: Don't you know that Mujazziz Al-Mudliji entered and saw Usama and Zaid
with a velvet covering on them and their heads were covered while their feet
were uncovered. He said, 'These feet belong to each other.'
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